As transferências voluntárias, para efeitos da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (LRF), compreendem a entrega de recursos correntes ou de capital a outro ente da Federação, a título de cooperação, auxílio ou assistência financeira, que não decorra de determinação constitucional, legal ou os destinados ao Sistema Único de Saúde.
Na pratica corresponde a transferência financeira de recursos de um ente da Federação para outro, geralmente de Estados para Municípios e da União para Estados e Municípios.
Existem Exigências para a Realização de Transferências Voluntárias?
Sim. A Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal estabelece determinadas exigências para a realização de transferência voluntária entre entes da federação além daquelas que vierem ser estabelecidas na Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias.
- Existência de dotação específica. Ente da Federação deve dispor em seu orçamento anual de dotação específica para realização das transferências voluntárias.
- Observância do disposto no inciso X do art. 167 da Constituição Federal o qual estabelece que é vedada a transferência voluntária de recursos pelos Governos Federal e Estaduais para pagamento de despesas com pessoal ativo, inativo e pensionista, dos Estados, do Distrito Federal e dos Municípios.
O beneficiário da transferência voluntária deverá ainda comprovar:
- que se acha em dia quanto ao pagamento de tributos, empréstimos e financiamentos devidos ao ente transferidor, bem como quanto à prestação de contas de recursos anteriormente dele recebidos. Nesse caso o ente beneficiário para atender este dispositivo deverá apresentar as certidões negativas de débito para com o ente transferidor;
- o cumprimento dos limites constitucionais relativos à educação e à saúde. A Constituição Federal estabelece como limite mínimo para estados e municípios, 25% da receita resultante de impostos, compreendida a proveniente de transferências, na manutenção e desenvolvimento do ensino (Art. 212 da Constituição Federal). Em relação à saúde, recursos mínimos para o financiamento das ações e serviços públicos de saúde para os estados é de 12% por cento do produto da arrecadação dos impostos a que se refere o art. 155 e dos recursos de que tratam os arts. 157 e 159, inciso I, alínea a, e inciso II da Constituição, deduzidas as parcelas que forem transferidas aos respectivos Municípios, conforme estabelece a Lei Complementar nº 141/2012. Já no caso dos municípios e do Distrito Federal o limite mínimo é de 15% por cento do produto da arrecadação dos impostos a que se refere o art. 156 e dos recursos de que tratam os arts. 158 e 159, inciso I, alínea b e § 3º (Emenda Constitucional n° 29), regulamentado pela Lei Complementar nº 141 de 13 de janeiro de 2012.
- que observou os limites das dívidas consolidada e mobiliária, de operações de crédito, inclusive por antecipação de receita, de inscrição em Restos a Pagar e de despesa total com pessoal; e
- que em sua LOA há previsão orçamentária de contrapartida.
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Quando um ente da Federação pode Ficar Impedido de Receber Transferências Voluntárias?
Sim, são várias as situações em que um ente da Federação pode ficar impedido de receber transferências voluntárias dentre as quais podemos destacar:
- Caso o ente da Federação não institua, preveja e arrecade os impostos de sua competência;
- Em relação à despesa com pessoal caso o ente da Federação não consiga alcançar a redução no prazo e enquanto perdurar o excesso em relação aos limites de gastos estabelecidos na LRF.
- Vencido o prazo para retorno da dívida ao limite, e enquanto perdurar o excesso o ente da Federação também fica impedido de receber transferências voluntárias.
- Não remeter à Secretaria do tesouro Nacional informações contábeis e fiscais para a consolidação das contas públicas no prazo estabelecido na LRF.
- Não atingir os limites mínimos com a aplicação de recursos nas ações do serviço público de saúde.
- Não atingir os limites mínimos com a aplicação de recursos na manutenção e desenvolvimento do ensino.
Existem ainda outros requisitos que devem ser levados em consideração para que o ente da Federação esteja apto a receber recursos através de transferências voluntárias.
Como saber se o meu estado / Município está apto a receber transferências voluntárias do Governo Federal?
O Governo Federal dispõem de um sistema para verificar se os estados e municípios estão aptos a receber transferências voluntárias.
Através do Serviço Auxiliar de Informações para Transferências Voluntárias (CAUC) você pode verificar de seu Estado ou município está apto, ou não, a receber transferências voluntárias do Governo Federal.
Se este artigo também será útil para outras pessoas então compartilha!
E se você que entender mais sobre as disposições da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal basta participar meu curso GRATUITO com o tema: Descomplicando a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal.
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